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Comprehensive Care & Treatment For Head and Neck Cancer in Salem.
What is Head and Neck Cancer?
Head and neck cancer starts in the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, sinuses, or salivary glands. Symptoms may include a lump or, a sore throat or difficulty in swallowing. The most common type of head and neck cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (squamous cell cancer). Squamous cells line the mouth, nose and throat.
Symptoms
- Red or white patch in the mouth
- Lump in the head or neck area, with or without pain
- Foul mouth odour
- Change in voice
- Frequent nose bleeds
- Difficulty breathing
- Double vision
- Jaw pain
- Ear pain or infection
Types of Neck and Head Cancer
- Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer
- Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer
- Nasopharyngeal cancer
- Oral and oropharyngeal cancer
- Salivary gland cancer
Stages
Stage 0
The tumor is only growing in the part of the head and neck and No cancer cells are present in deeper layers of tissue
Stage I
The tumor is 2 cm across or smaller, and no cancer cells are present in nearby structures, lymph nodes or distant sites
Stage II
The tumor measures 2-4 cm across, and no cancer cells are present in nearby structures, lymph nodes or distant sites.
Stage III
The tumor is larger than 4 cm across. The cancer cells are present in one lymph node, which is located on the same side of the head or neck as the primary tumor and is smaller than 3 cm across.
Stage IV
Stage IVA
- Cancer cells are present in one lymph node, on the same side of the head or neck measuring 3-6 cm across
- Cancer cells are present in one lymph node on the opposite side of the head or neck measuring less than 6 cm across
- Cancer cells are present in two or more lymph nodes
Stage IVB
- The tumor has spread deeper into the tissues. It has spread to one or more lymph nodes larger than 6 cm
Stage IVC
- The head and neck cancer tumor is any size and may or may not have spread to the lymph nodes
Diagnosis
- Nasopharyngolaryngoscopy
- Head CT
- Head MRI
- Dental x-ray
- PET/CT
Treatment
- Surgery
- Laser technology. It used to treat an early-stage tumor, particularly in larynx
- Excision. It is a surgery done to remove tumor.
- Lymph node dissection or neck dissection. If the cancer has spread, it leads to removal of lymph nodes.
- Reconstructive (plastic) surgery.Removal of major tissue removal, such as jaw, skin, pharynx, or tongue, reconstructive or plastic surgery may be done to replace the missing tissue.
- Radiation therapy
- Medications
- Chemotherapy